OXILORPHAN
Oxilorphan is an opioid receptor antagonist, which means it blocks the effects of opioids. It is also known as 5-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxy-4-propyl-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole or OX. Oxilorphan was first synthesized in the 1970s and is a derivative of the indole family of compounds, which also includes the neurotransmitter serotonin.
Chemical Structure:
Oxilorphan has a complex chemical structure with a pyridine ring and several hydroxyl groups. It is soluble in water and has a molecular weight of 347.4 g/mol.
Pharmacology:
Oxilorphan acts as a selective antagonist at the mu-opioid receptor, which is the main target of most opioid drugs. It has been shown to block the effects of opioids such as morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone in animal studies. Oxilorphan also has a high affinity for the delta-opioid receptor but is less effective at blocking its effects.
Uses as Research Chemical:
Oxilorphan has been used as a research tool to study the effects of opioids and the mechanism of their action. The ability of oxilorphan to selectively block the effects of opioids has made it an important tool for investigating the role of mu-opioid receptors in pain, addiction, and other physiological processes.
In preclinical studies, oxilorphan has been used to study the effect of opioids on breathing, as well as their potential to cause respiratory depression. It has also been used to study the effects of opioids on other physiological processes such as blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature.
In addition to its use as a research tool, oxilorphan has also been studied as a potential treatment for opioid addiction. In animal studies, it has been shown to reduce the reinforcing effects of opioids, as well as the development of tolerance and dependence.
Safety and Toxicity:
Oxilorphan has been shown to be relatively safe in preclinical studies, with no significant toxicity observed at doses up to 100 mg/kg. However, limited human data is available, and more studies are needed to fully understand its safety profile.
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